| Initiate | Plan (choose options) | Implement | Maintain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-help: Community control |
Community initiates action alone | Community plans alone | Community implements alone | Community maintains alone |
| Partnership: Shared working and decision-making |
Authorities and community jointly initiate action * | Authorities and community jointly plan and design | Authorities and community jointly implement | Authorities and community jointly maintain |
| Consultation: Authorities ask community for opinions |
Authorities initiate action after consulting community * | Authorities plan after consulting the community * | Authorities implement after consulting community | Authorities maintain with community consultation |
| Information: One-way flow of information; public relations |
Authorities initiate action | Authorities plan and design alone * | Authorities implement alone * | Authorities maintain alone * |
Note: The areas with asterixes (*) indicate the more common planning and decision making processes used.