12 Appendix D: Additional criteria used to evaluate tyre scheme options
Environmental and social outcomes
The product stewardship schemes have the potential to effect the following environmental and social outcomes (externalities) including:
- more efficient use of resources;
- reduced volume of waste and thus landfill requirements;
- increased resources recovered;
- effects on biodiversity and ecosystems;
- transport costs;
- minimising human health effects arising from hazardous waste management;
- alternative land use arising from reduced landfill requirements;
- soil resources and water quality - landfill leachate;
- relationship with Maori;
- community benefits through reuse of product;
- community business opportunities;
- local and regional economic well-being;
- economic security implications.
Stakeholder opportunities and risks
In addition to environmental and social outcomes (externalities), the product stewardship schemes have the potential to impact on a range of stakeholder groups. These include manufacturers, brand owners, wholesalers, importers, distributors, retailers, service providers, as well as local and regional government.
Potential internal stakeholder opportunities and risks include:
- branding and reputation;
- enhanced product design;
- competitiveness;
- business support including company participation, maintenance requirements, education;
- business risks including changes in industry that could affect the scheme;
- administration costs;
- impact on imports;
- implications for trade agreements;
- safe collection and handling of recovered materials.
