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Local Character
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- Attracts highly skilled workers and new economy enterprises.*
- Assists the promotion and 'branding' of cities and regions*
- Contributes a competitive edge by providing a 'point of difference.'*
- Potentially adds a premium to the value of housing.*
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- Reinforces a sense of identity among the residents of a neighbourhood.*
- Encourages people to become actively involved in managing their neighbourhood.*
- Offers choice among a wide range of distinct places and experiences.*
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- Supports conservation of non-renewable resources.*
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Connectivity
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- Increases viability of local service shops and facilities.**
- Increases a site or area's accessibility, thereby enhancing land value.**
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- Enhances natural surveillance and security.***
- Encourages walking and cycling, mainly for non-work trips, leading to health benefits.**
- Shortens walking distances, encouraging people to walk.**
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- Reduces vehicle emissions through fewer non-work trips.**
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Density
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- Provides land savings.***
- Provides infrastructure and energy savings.**
- Reduces the economic cost of time allocated to mobility.**
- Is associated with concentration of knowledge and innovative activity in urban cores.*
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- Is difficult to disentangle from the benefits of mixed use and other factors.**
- Can contribute to social cohesion.**
- Tends to promote health through encouraging greater physical activity.**
- Can be associated with lower crime and greater safety.*
- Enhances vitality.*
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- Reinforces green space preservation if linked into clustered form.***
- Reduces run-off from vehicles to water.***
- Reduces emissions to air and atmosphere.**
- May conflict with micro/local green space needs.**
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Mixed Use
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- Enhances value for those preferring a mixed use neighbourhood.***
- Utilises parking and transport infrastructure more efficiently.***
- Increases viability of local service shops and facilities.**
- Significantly lowers household expenditure on transportation.**
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- Improves access to essential facilities and activities.***
- Provides convenience.**
- Encourages walking and cycling, leading to health benefits.**
- Reduces the need to own a car.**
- Increases personal safety.**
- Can enhance social equity.*
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- Reduces car use for local trips (but minor impact on commuting) and hence emissions.***
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Adaptability
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- Contributes to economic success over time.**
- Extends useful economic life by delaying the loss of vitality and functionality.*
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- Increases diversity and duration of use for public space.***
- Gives ability to resist functional obsolescence.**
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- Supports conservation of non-renewable resources.*
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High Quality Public Realm
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- Attracts people and activity, leading to enhanced economic performance.**
- Public art contributes to enhanced economic activity.**
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- Higher participation in community and cultural activities.***
- Increased use of public space.***
- Gives greater sense of personal safety.**
- Attracts social engagement, pride and commitment to further achievements.**
- Public art contributes to greater community engagement with public space.**
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Integrated
Decision-making
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- Co-ordinates physical design and policy in related areas to ensure benefits of good urban design are realised or enhanced.**
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- Encourages people to take advantage of opportunities presented by good urban design.**
- Provides equity of opportunity for a range of people to benefit from good urban design.*
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User Participation
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- Makes more effective use of resources.***
- Offers process cost savings by encouraging user support for positive change.**
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- Improves fit between design and user needs.***
- Develops user ownership of positive change.**
- Enhances sense of community.**
- Enhances sense of well-being.*
- Legitimises user interests.*
- Enhances democracy.*
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