ANZECC & ARMCANZ (2000). Australian and New Zealand guidelines for fresh and marine water quality. National Water Quality Management Strategy Paper No 4, Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council & Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, Canberra, Australia.
Armitage, P.D.; Moss, D.; Wright, J.F.; Furse, M.T. 1983: The performance of a new biological water quality score system based on macroinvertebrates over a wide range of unpolluted running-water sites. Water Research 17: 333-347.)
Bailey, R.G. 1995. Ecosystem Geography. Springer-Verlag. New York, NY.
Biggs, B.J.F. 2000. New Zealand Periphyton Guidelines: Detecting, Monitoring and Managing of Enrichment of Streams: Volume A - Background and Guidelines. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
Biggs, B.J.F.; Duncan, M.J.; Jowett, I.G.; Quinn, J.M.; Hickey, C.W.; Davies-Colley, R.J.; Close, M.E. 1990. Ecological Characterisation, Classification and Modelling of New Zealand Rivers: An Introduction and Synthesis. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 24: 277-304.
Chetelat, J.; Pick, F R. 2001. Temporal variability of water chemistry in flowing waters of the northeastern United States: does river size matter? Journal of the North American Benthological Society 20: 331-346.
Close, M.E.; Davies-Colley, R. 1990. Baseflow water chemistry in New Zealand rivers 1. Characterisation. New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research 24: 319-341.
Colorado State University 1989. Wqstat II. A water quality statistics program. User's manual. 42 p.
Davies-Colley, R. J. 1988: Measuring water clarity with a black disk. Limnology and oceanography 33: 616-623.
Detenbeck, N.E.; Batterman, S.L.; Brady, V.L.; Brazner, J.C.; Snarski, V.N.; Taylor, D. L.; Thompson, J. A.; Arthur, J. W. 2000. A Test of Watershed Classification Systems for Ecological Risk Assessment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 19(4): 1174-1181.
Environment Southland. 2000. State of the Environment Report: Water. Environment Southland,
Gilbert, R.O. 1987. Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold. 320 p.
Hamill, K. 2002. Surface Water Quality Monitoring by Environment Southland: Programme Design and Procedures. Environment Southland.
Harcum, J.B.; Loftis, J.C.; Ward, R.C. 1992. Selecting trend tests for water quality series with serial correlation and missing values. Water Resources Bulletin 28: 469-478.
Harding, J.S.; Winterbourn, M.J.; McDiffett, W.F. 1997. Stream Faunas and Ecoregions in South Island, New Zealand: Do They Correspond ? Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 140: 289-307.
Helsel, D.R.; Hirsch, R.M. 1992. Statistical methods in water resources. Amsterdam, Elsevier. 522 p.
Klijn, F. 1994. Spatially nested ecosystems: guidelines for classification from a hierarchical perspective. p. 85-116. In: Ecosystem Classification for Environmental Management. Klijn, F. (Ed.). Dordrecht. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Levin, S.A. 1992. The Problem of Pattern and Scale in Ecology. Ecology 73(6): 1993-1967.
Loftis, J. C.; McBride, G. B.; Ellis, J. C. 1991: Considerations of scale in water quality monitoring and data analysis. Water Resources Bulletin 27: 255-264.
McBride, G.B.; Loftis, J.C. 1994. The most important statistical aspects. pp. 153-161. In: Adriaanse, M.; van de Kraats, J.; Stoks, P.G.; Ward, R.C. (Eds.). Monitoring Tailor-made. RIZA-The Netherlands Institute for Inland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment, Leystad, The Netherlands.
McDiffert, W.F. 1993. Water chemistry dynamics as affected by rainstorms in a high-elevation stream, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 27: 373-378.
McKerchar, A.I.; Pearson, C.P. 1994. Forecasts of seasonal river flows using the Southern Oscillation Index. Journal of Hydrology (NZ) 32(2).
MFE. 1992. Water Quality Guidelines No.1 - Guidelines for the Control of Undesirable Biological Growths in Water. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
MFE. 1994. Water Quality Guidelines No.2 - Guidelines for the Management of Water Colour and Clarity. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
MFE. 1994. Water Quality Guidelines No.2 - Guidelines for the Management of Water Colour and Clarity. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
MFE. 1998. Environmental performance indicators: Confirmed indicators for air, fresh water and land. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
MFE 2002. Microbiological Water Quality Guidelines For Marine and Freshwater Recreational Areas. Ministry for the Environment. Wellington, New Zealand.
Omernik, J.M. 1987. Ecoregions of the Conterminous United States. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 77(1): 118-125.
Parkyn, S.; Matheson, F.; Cooke, J. G.; Quinn, J. 2002: Review of the environmental effects of agriculture on freshwaters. NIWA Consultancy Report. FGC02206.
Quinn, J.M.; Hickey, C.W. 1990. Characterisation and classification of benthic invertebrate communities in 88 New Zealand rivers in relation to environmental factors. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 24: 387-409.
Scarsbrook, M.R.; Boothroyd, I.K.G.; Quinn, J. M. 2000. New Zealand's National River Water Quality Network: long-term trends in macroinvertebrate communities. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34: 289-302.
Scarsbrook, M. R.; McBride, C. G.; McBride, G. B.; Bryers, G. G. submitted: Effects of climate variability on rivers and consequences for long-term trend analysis. Journal of the American Water Resources Association
Smith, D.G.; Maasdam, R. 1994: New Zealand's National River Water Quality Network 1. Design and physico-chemical characterisation. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 28: 19-35.
Smith, D.G.; McBride, G. B. 1990. New Zealand's National Water Quality Monitoring Network - design and first year's operation. Water Resources Bulletin 26: 767-775.
Smith, D.G.; McBride, G.B.; Bryers, G.G., Davies-Colley, R.J.; Quinn, J.M.; Vant, W.N. 1989. A national water quality network for New Zealand. Water Quality Centre consultancy report 8016/2. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hamilton. 147 p.
Smith, D.G.; McBride, G.B.; Bryers, G.G.; Wisse, J.; Mink, D.F.J. 1996. Trends in New Zealand's National River Water Quality Network. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 30: 485-500.
Snelder, T.; Guest, P.; Weatherhead, M.; Richardson, J. 2000. Test of the River Ecosystem Management Framework and River Environment Classification in Planning. NIWA Client Report CHC00/50.
Snelder, T. H. and B. J. F. Biggs. 2002. Multi-Scale River Environment Classification for Water Resources Management Journal of the American Water Resources Association.
Snelder, T. and P. Guest. 2000. The River Ecosystem Management Framework' and the Use of River Environment Classification as a Tool for Planning. NIWA Client Report CHC0/81.
Sokolov, S.; Black, K.P. 1996. Modelling the time evolution of water quality parameters in a river basin: Yarra River, Australia. Journal of Hydrology 178: 311-336.
Stark, J. D. 1993. Performance of the Macroinvertebrate Community Index: effects of sampling method, sample replication, water depth, current velocity, and substratum on index values. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 27: 463-478.
Stark, J.D. 1985. A macroinvertebrate community index of water quality for stony streams. National Water and Soil Conservation Authority. Water & Soil Miscellaneous Publication 87. Pages p.
Stark, J.D. 1998: SQMCI: a biotic index for freshwater macroinvertebrate coded abundance data. New Zealand Journal of Marine and FreshwaterResearch 32: 55-66).
Suren, A.; Snelder, T.; Biggs, B.; Weatherhead, .; Baird, D. 2000. Testing the Value of a Hierarchical River Environment Classification to Constrain Variance in Macroinvertebrate Communities.
Vannote, R.L.; Minshall, G.W.; Cummins, K.W.; Sedell, J.R.; Cushing, C.E. 1980. The River Continuum Concept. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 37: 130-137.
Wiens, J.A. 1989. Spatial Scaling in Ecology. Functional Ecology 3: 385-397.