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Table A9: Typical QC used with each batch of analytical soil samples for inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry analysis

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Typenfection, trou Frequency Warning limit(a) Control limit(b) Action on failure

Blank

Beginning of each run

 

< detection limit

Repeat whole run

Duplicate

 

10%

20%

Repeat whole run

Spikes

     

Not used(c)

QC standard(d)

Beginning of each run

10%

20%

Fix problem (usually instrumental) before repeating run

QC sample(e)

3 per batch

10%

20%

Re-digest samples and re-analyse

Certified reference material

At validation, then as required

 

Within certified range

Re-digest samples and re-analyse

Notes:

a) Warning limit - Variation outside which the laboratory would take special note of the analyses QC trends.

b) Control limit - Maximum acceptable variation outside which analyses would usually be repeated.

c) Spiked soil samples are not used as it is virtually impossible to spike a soil in a way that has the same form as the analyte already in the matrix.

d) Obtained from an independent source to the working standards used.

e) A thoroughly homogenised sample that has been well characterised by multiple analyses over time.