• About this site|
• Site index|
• Contact us|
• Jobs

Investigation of brominated flame retardants present in articles being used, recycled and disposed of in New Zealand

• Executive Summary
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Estimate of the amount of BDE in New Zealand
• 3. Assessment of the fate of BDEs in waste
• 4. Profile of BDE flows in New Zealand
• 5. Risk analysis
• 6. Environmentally sound disposal methods
• 7. Limitations of the study
• 8. Conclusions and Recommendations
• Additional readings
• Appendix A Detailed data tables
• Appendix B Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) structure and physical properties
• Appendix C Analytical equipment and procedures
• Appendix D Certificate of analysis
• Appendix E Methods and analysis of consumer products
• Appendix F Calculating the % BDE present in consumer products
• Appendix G Details of the selected landfills and the sampling of leachate
• Appendix H Current status of the flame retardant industry
• Appendix I Non-dust sources of BDEs more prominent human intake
• Appendix J Completed Questionnaire SC-4/19 for submission of information on new POPs in accordance with SC-4/19
• Appendix L Questionnaire for organisations that manufacture articles containing BFR’s
• Appendix M Excel spreadsheet entitled ‘XRF analyser raw data’
• Appendix N Excel spreadsheets entitled ‘NZ Statistics data giving categories with raw data’

Additional readings

Blum, A, Ames B.N (1977) Flame-retardant additives as possible cancer hazards- The main flame retardant in children's pajamas is a mutagen and should not be used. DOI: 10.1126/science.831254 Science 195, 17 (1977);

Chemtura, Firemaster 550 Datasheet. Phosphorus- Bromine Flame Retardant- Effective 11.01.2007.

Ministry for the Environment (2004). Review of Targets in the New Zealand Waste Strategy. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington, New Zealand ISBN: 0-478-18921-4 ME number: 501

Ministry for the Environment (2007). National Landfill Census 2006 – 2007. Ministry for the Environment, Wellington, New Zealand ISBN: 978-0-478-30185-4.

Okeo-Tex Standard 1000- Edition 1/2010. Okeo-Tex International.

Plastics Mass Balance Survey (2008 Production) - Summary For All Resins. Plastics New Zealand, PO Box 76 378 Manukau, Auckland.

Plastics Mass Balance Survey 2001 - Summary of Plastics Recycling in New Zealand. Plastics New Zealand, PO Box 76 378 Manukau, Auckland.

Plastics New Zealand (2006). Design for the Environment Guidelines, Ministry for the Environment Sustainable Management Fund.

Sharp, R., Lunder, S. (2002). In the Dust: Toxic Fire Retardants in American Homes. Environmental Working Group.

The Directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment 2002/95/EC. Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Withington, N. (2005) Sustainable End of Life Options for Plastics in New Zealand- Plastics New Zealand Research Report. Plastics New Zealand, PO Box 76 378 Manukau, Auckland.

previous | next