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The figure illustrates how the time periods used in this publication and in the previous edition are related to each other. The base year, referred to as 1990, is actually the average of the years 1980 to 1999. The 50-year projections are referred to as being for 2040 but are really the expected average for the period 2030 to 2049 (whereas in the earlier edition they were 45-year projections, for the period 2020 to 2049). The 100-year projections, referred to as being for 2090, are really the expected average for the period 2080 to 2099 (whereas in the earlier edition they were 95-year projections, for the period 2070 to 2099).